100 Days of System Design Questions challenges

Design a role-based access control (RBAC) system to manage permissions and access rights within a complex organizational environment. The system should provide a flexible and scalable approach to defining roles, assigning permissions, and enforcing access controls across various resources and user groups. Consider factors such as role hierarchy, permission inheritance, role assignment, and access control policies in your design. Discuss how you would model roles and permissions, as well as how you would handle dynamic changes to roles and access requirements. Additionally, address how you would integrate RBAC with authentication mechanisms and enforce access controls at the application level. Provide insights into the technologies, data models, and administrative interfaces you would employ to implement this RBAC system effectively.